环境规制与企业出口:来自千家企业节能行动的微观证据

Environmental Regulation and Exportation: Micro Evidence from China's Top–1000 Policy

环境规制对微观企业出口的影响是理论界长期存在争议的议题。"千家企业节能行动"作为中国"十一五"期间的重要节能减排政策,为环境规制与企业出口行为的研究提供了"拟自然实验"的研究机会。利用中国工业企业库,在通过"倾向得分匹配法"遴选政策目标企业的对照企业基础上,基于"双重差分法"实证检验了环境规制对中国工业企业出口的影响。结果显示,千家企业节能行动对政策目标企业整体的名义出口额有显著的正向作用;平均处理效应年均约10.3%,对东中部企业的促进效果明显。表明合理的环境规制政策可以达到节能减排和促进企业出口的"双赢"。

There is long- time argument on the relationship between the envi- ronmental regulation policies and exportations of firms. The top - 1000 policy, which is a key energy- saving policy implemented in the l lth plan period （2006 -2010）, provides a quasi- experimental opportunity to analyze the relationship between the firm- level exportation and environmental regulations. Utilizing the difference- in- difference estimation technique with propensity score matching on firm- level data, the paper finds that the policy stimulates the export activities of firms; the yearly average treatment effect is 10.3%. The increment of firm＇ s exportation implies the rise of its international competitiveness. Thus, the study proves that the well- designed environmental regulations could potentially in- crease the competitiveness of firms.