成瘾严重程度对药物依赖者冲动性与渴求间关系的影响

The effect of drug dependence severity on the relationship between impulsivity construct and cue-elicited craving

目的探讨药物依赖者的冲动性与渴求之间的关系是否受到成瘾严重程度的影响。方法采用成瘾严重程度指数量表（addiction severity index，ASI）评估被试的成瘾严重程度，将36名药物依赖者分为高成瘾组和低成瘾组，采用Barratt冲动性量表（Barratt impulsiveness scale，BIS-11）和经典Stroop色词任务分别测量被试的特质冲动性和状态冲动性，采用block设计的线索反应范式评估被试的渴求水平，然后对比高、低成瘾组被试的冲动性与渴求之间的关系。结果对高成瘾组被试，无论特质冲动性[BIS-11-CI分数为（39．03±16．50）分]还是状态冲动性[Stroop任务中一致条件与不一致条件下的反应时差异的平均值为（87．77±36．95）ms]均与其渴求评分[（0．83±1．91）分]呈显著正相关（Person相关系数分别为0．487，0．500，P〈0．05）；但是对低成瘾组被试，冲动性与渴求之问的相关不显著（相关系数分别为-0．261，0．081，P〉0．05）。结论药物依赖者的冲动性（包括特质冲动性与状态冲动性）与渴求之间的关系受到成瘾严重程度的影响，将冲动性作为渴求水平的预测指标只能针对高成瘾组被试。该结果提示，长期的物质依赖造成的大脑功能的损害可能涉及冲动性和渴求的共同机制。

Objective To investigate the effect of drug dependence severity on the relationship between impulsivity and craving. Methods 36 abstinent drug-dependent individuals were recruited in the study. The par- ticipants were divided into the heavy dependence group （HDG） or the low dependence group （LDG） according to the scores of Addiction Severity Index （ASI）. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale （BIS-11） and classical Stroop task were used to measure the trait impulsivity and state impulsivity.Block designed cue-induced craving paradigm was presented to measure cue-elicited craving. Results For the HDG, a significant positive correlation was found be- tween trait impulsivity （the mean value of BIS-11-CI scale was （39.03± 16.50） ） or state impulsivity （the differ- ence of reaction time between congruent and incongruent situation was （87.77±36.95）ms）and cue-elicited craving （0.83± 1.91 ） （ r= 0.487,0.500, P〈 0.05）. However, for the LDG subjects, the impulsivity was not found signifi- cantly correlated with the cue-elicited craving（ r= -0.261,0.081, P〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The addiction severity influences the relationship between impulsivity and craving, and impulsivity can only be used as a predictor of re- lapse in HDG. The findings suggest that the drug may influence the shared brain mechanism between impulsivity and craving.