电子香烟对戒烟有效性及不良影响

The meta-analysis of electronic cigarettes on smoking cessation and adverse effect

目的电子香烟对戒烟的作用及对人类健康安全性尚无定论，且当前关于电子香烟的研究较少，故采用Meta分析的方法对这一问题做出评价以期对解决这一问题提供一些帮助。方法计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Embase、Cochranelibrary、中国知网（CNKI）和万方数据库，查找2014年5月前发表的研究电子香烟与戒烟关系或者健康安全性的文献。由2名评价者独立选择试验、提取资料和评估文献质量后，采用RevMan5．1软件进行Meta分析，采用随机或者固定效应模型来合并RR值。结果4篇文章纳入该Meta分析，共计7002个研究对象。Meta分析结果显示电子香烟对于吸烟者减少吸烟RR=1．88，95％CI：1．07～3．32，P=0．09，差异无统计学意义。电子香烟对戒烟影响RR=1．55，95％CI：1．24～1．95，P=0．001提示结果有统计学意义。结论本Meta分析显示，电子香烟对于吸烟者减少传统香烟使用量效果差异无统计学意义，对戒烟有效性差异有统计学意义。但本Meta分析纳入文献数量较少，且文献之间存在异质性，故上述结论仍需要高质量的大样本随机盲法试验来验证。

Objective The effect of electronic cigarettes （e-cigarettes） on smoking reduction,cessation and human health remains controversial, meanwhile, studies focused on e-cigarettes are limited. We conducted this meta-analysis in purpose of helping figuring out the controversy. Methods PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, CNKI and Wanfang Databases were searched for articles published up to May 2014. All studies discussing the relationship between e-cigarettes and smoking reduction, smoking cessation or human health were included. The fixed or random-effect model was used to pool the relative risk （RR）. Outcome 4 articles were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were totally 7 002 subjects. Meta-analysis indicated that there was signifi- cant difference in e-cigarettes and smoking reduction, RR= 1.88,95% CI ：1.07-3.32, P= 0.09. The Meta-analysis showed that e-cigarettes were available in smoking cessation. RR= 1.55,95% CI ： 1.24-1.95, P= 0.001. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicated that e-cigarettes were helpful in smoking cessation. Nonetheless,the articles included were too few to credibly support the outcome. Hence, more high-quality, randomized blind and large sample experi- ments are needed to verify the results.