医学超声评价胎盘功能研究进展

Research Progress of Medical Ultrasound Assessment of Placental Function

对于胎盘功能的评价,我国主要采用Grammum于1979年提出的胎盘成熟度分级方法,但此方法完全依赖于临床医生的肉眼观测与经验分析,没有客观的评价标准。随着医学超声技术的发展,对胎盘其他方面的评估也逐渐增多,使得胎盘的功能评价有了更多新的方向。围绕这些课题,国内外学者分别在B型超声胎盘成熟度自动分级、三维超声胎盘血管化定性分析、三维能量多普勒胎盘血流血管化定量分析、胎盘容积与胎盘功能相关性等方面进行了研究。本文针对以上几项研究进展进行综述。

Our country has been using maturity grading method, which was proposed by Grammum in 1979, to evaluate the placental function. However, this method is subjective to consequence because it totally depends on the observation and experiences of clinicians. With the development of ultrasound technology, therefore, we reviewed more novel applications in other aspects of placenta （such as blood flow, vascularization, etc）. Over the past years, scholars in the world have done a lot of research around these topics. In this review we introduce placental maturity grading with B-mode ultrasound, placental vascularization qualitative and quantitative analysis with three-dimensional Doppler ultrasound and placental volume measurement, respectively.