医学生疲劳现状与营养摄入调查

Fatigue medical students and nutrient intake surveys

目的 研究医学生疲劳现状,影响因素,营养摄入,分析营养素含量与疲劳之间的关系。方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,用MFI-20多维疲劳量表以及自行编制的膳食调查问卷对河北医科大学125名在校学生进行问卷调查。结果 无疲劳的大学生仅有10%,轻度疲劳占较大比例,为67%,中度疲劳者和重度疲劳分别占28%和5%,从总体情况来看,医学生疲劳状况较明显。男女生疲劳得分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。男生和女生总能量摄入不足,分别占RNI的82%和83%。各营养素摄入不均衡,蛋白质提供能量占总能量的19%,偏高于标准推荐,而碳水化合物摄入量占总能量的50%,低于推荐标准（55%~65%）。维生素B1（硫胺素）摄入量低与摄入量高的学生的疲劳得分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,表明维生素B1摄入量不同,会造成学生不同程度的疲劳。结论 医学生疲劳状况发生率较高,营养摄入不均衡,学校应加大健康教育力度,从而促进学生合理膳食和改善疲劳、提高学习效率、增进医学生身心健康。

Objectives To investigate the fatigue status of medical students study,factors,nutrient intake,and analysis the relationship between nutrient content and fatigue. Methods 125 students in Hebei Medical University were investigated with the MFI-20 Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory and self-made dietary questionnaire according to cluster random sampling method. Results Only 10% of students without fatigue,mild fatigue account for 67%,as a large proportion,moderate and severe fatigue accounted for 28% and 5%,respectively.From the overall situation,the fatigue condition of medical students was obvious.Fatigue scores between male and female students were no significant differences （P 〉 O.05）.Total energy intake of male and female students account for 82% and 83% respectively. Each nutrient intake were not balance,protein provides 19% of the total energy,which was higher than the standard recommendation,And carbohydrate intake 50% of the total energy,less than the standard recommendation of 55% to 65%.Fatigue scores of students with low and high vitamin B1 （thiamine） intake were significantly different （P 〈 0.01）,showed different intake of vitamin B1 can cause varying degrees of fatigue. Conclusion There was high incidence of fatigue condition and unbalanced nutritional intake with medical students.School health education should be increase to promote the reasonable diet,relieve fatigue,improve learning efficiency,and enhance physical and mental health of medical students.