miRNA对水稻生长发育的调控

The Roles of microRNAs for the Regulation of Rice Growth and Development

MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类小的非编码RNA,它们主要在转录后水平对靶mRNA进行切割或抑制mRNA的翻译来调控基因的表达.miRNA通过对靶基因的调控参与植物的生长发育、胁迫应答和代谢过程.在水稻中,已经发现并初步验证了许多与生长发育相关的miRNA,它们对水稻不同器官和形态发育发挥着重要作用.本文综述了水稻miRNA的发生和调控机制、靶基因的预测,重点介绍了miRNA对水稻生长发育和形态建成的研究进展,并对研究过程中存在的问题进行了讨论.为更好地了解miRNA及其靶基因在提高水稻产量和品质方面的作用,进一步解析miRNA在水稻中的调控机制提供参考.

MicroRNA（ miRNA） is a class of short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by mRNA cleavage or translation inhibition at the post-transcription level. Various miRNAs were known to involve plant growth and development,stress response and metabolic process through the regulation of target genes. In rice, growth- and development-related miRNAs have mostly been identified and characterized for their essential functions for organ formation and morphology controls. In this review,the rice miRNAs with their predicted target genes were summarized. We particularly focused on the recent progresses in miRNA studies regarding rice development and morphogenesis for root,flower,tillering,young ear,seed and embryo. We also discussed the issues encountered for current miRNA researches in rice.