行介入治疗冠心病患者开展延续性自我管理教育对其疾病自我管理能力的影响

Influence of continuous self-management education on disease self-management ability of patients with interventional treatment of coronary heart disease

目的 探讨行介入治疗冠心病患者开展延续性自我管理教育对其疾病自我管理能力的影响。方法 选取我院2012年1月~2014年1月收治的行介入治疗的冠心病患者200例,将患者随机分为两组,每组100例,全部患者都接受常规护理,观察组患者在常规护理基础上开展延续性自我管理教育,两组患者干预1个月后进行效果评价,采用抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评价患者抑郁、焦虑情况。另使用我院自制的冠心病患者自我管理能力调查表进行生活规律、定期复查、遵医服药、戒烟戒酒、运动锻炼、合理饮食等评价。结果 两组患者干预后SDS、SAS评分与干预前比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组患者干预后SDS、SAS评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组患者出院6个月时定期复查、遵医服药、规律运动等自我管理效果明显高于对照组,且差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组患者出院12个月时生活规律、定期复查、遵医服药、规律运动、合理饮食等自我管理效果明显高于对照组,且比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 延续性自我管理教育对行介入治疗冠心病患者能够对治疗起到促进作用,改善患者的生活质量。

Objective To explore the influence of continuous self-management education on disease self- management ability of patients with Interventional treatment of coronary heart disease. Methods 200 patients with interventional treatment of coronary heart disease who were admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to January 2014 were randomly divided into two groups with 100 patient in each. All of them were treated with conventional nursing, and the patients of observation group were further treated with continuous self-management education. Effectiveness of two groups were evaluated after one month＇s intervention, and patients＇ depression and anxiety were evaluated by Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）. Self-management ability questionnaire of patients with coronary heart disease that made by our hospital was used to evaluate patients＇ patterns of life, periodic review, behavior of drug compliance, discontinue the habit of smoking and drinking, exercise, balanced diet and so on. Results The differences between scores of SDS and SAS Of two groups after and before intervention were both statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Scores of SDS and SAS of observation group after intervention were significantly lower than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Self-management effectiveness including periodic review, behavior of drug compliance and regular exercise of observation group in 6 months after discharge was significantly~ higher than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Self-management effectiveness including periodic review, behavior of drug compliance, regular exercise and balanced diet of observation group in 12 months after discharge was significantly higher than that of control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Continuous self-management education on patients with interventional treatment of coronary heart disease has a positive effect on the treatment and improve patients＇ quality of life.