不同烟苗移栽对烟株生理特性及烟叶产质量的影响

Effects of Different Seedlings Transplant on Physiological Characteristics of Tobacco Plants,Yield and Quality of Tobacco Leaves

研究了漂浮苗、托盘水床苗、砂培苗和常规苗移栽（CK）对烟株生理特性及烟叶产质量的影响,结果表明：漂浮苗、托盘水床苗、砂培苗移栽后还苗生长快,栽后15 d内,各处理叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力、硝酸还原酶活性呈缓慢增加趋势,但CK的增加幅度略低;栽后15~30 d,各处理叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力和叶片硝酸还原酶活性较快增加,且略高于CK;各处理烟苗在栽后30~45 d,叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力和叶片硝酸还原酶活性迅速增加,且均明显高于CK,烟株生长速度快;栽后45~60 d,漂浮苗、托盘水床苗、砂培苗处理的叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力和叶片硝酸还原酶活性均呈下降趋势,而CK呈缓慢上升趋势;3个处理的大田农艺性状指标均显著高于CK;CK的烟碱、总氮、钾含量均略高于其他处理,总糖和还原糖含量均低于其他处理;托盘水床苗处理烟叶产值最高。

The effects of transplanting different tobacco seedlings [ floating seedlings, tray-water-cultured seedlings, sandcultured seedlings, and conventional seedlings （CK） ] on the physiological characteristics of tobacco plants, as well as the yield and quality of tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that the speed of restoration growth of floating seedlings, tray-water-cul- tured seedlings and sand-cultured seedlings was fast after transplanting. The leaf chlorophyll content, root system activity and leaf nitrate reductase activity in all treatments increased slowly within 15 days after transplanting, but their increments in CK were slightly lower than those in other treatments. During 15-30 days after transplanting, the leaf chlorophyll content, root system activity and leaf nitrate reductase activity in all treatments increased faster, and these indexes in CK were slightly lower than those in other treatments. During 30 - 45 days after transplanting, the leaf chlorophyll content, root system activity and leaf nitrate reductase activity in all treatments increased rapidly, and these indexes and growth speed of tobacco plants in CK were markedly lower than those in other treatments. From the 45th to 60th day after transplanting, the leaf chlorophyll content, root system activity and leaf nitrate reductase activity of floating seedlings, tray-water-cultured seedlings and sand-cultured seedlings all revealed a decreasing trend, while those of conventional seedlings revealed a slow increasing trend. The filed agronomic indexes in 3 treatments were significantly higher than those in CK. The conventional seedlings had slightly higher nicotine, total nitrogen and potassium contents, and lower total sugar and reducing sugar contents than other seedlings. The treatment of transplanting tray-water-cultured seedlings obtained the highest output value of tobacco leaves.