端公的度职:通往“人神”之路

The Duties of Duangong: Path to the “Human Gods”

从实际的祭祀行为来看,端公不仅是人神间的中介,更作为神灵的形象而出现。端公的"人神"文化身份,是其鬼神观念中最具特色的部分,它不仅体现在端公驱鬼逐疫的祭仪中,更体现在端公自身的文化承传中。文章主要围绕端公神秘的"度职"仪式展开,重点撷取"分兵拨将"、"坐桥传法"、"抛牌颁职"这三项祭仪中的核心内容加以论述,藉此对端公的"人神"文化身份获得一个更为深入的理解。

In terms of actual religious services, Duangong is not only a mediator between humans and gods, but even appears as a god. His cultural identity of ＂human god＂ is the most distinctive part of his concept of ghosts and gods. It is revealed not only in the service rituals of ghost and plague expulsions but also in his cultural inheritance. Based on the ＂duties＂ ceremonies, this paper analyzes three core components, namely ＂soldiers and generals dispatching＂, ＂services teaching while sitting on the bridge＂, and ＂plaques offering and duties appointing＂. It is hoped that the cultural identity of Duangong＇ s ＂human god＂ can be better understood.