论作为“生活共同体”的村庄

On Villages as “Livelihood Common Community”

如何建设新农村,需要我们对村庄的本质和理想状态有个设定。这个本质是我们观察今日村庄的一个理论视野,也是新农村建设应该瞄向的蓝图。根据滕尼斯对"共同体"概念的论述,及日本学者就中国农村"共同体"性质的讨论,我们可以建构一个韦伯意义上的理想类型概念——"生活共同体",作为村庄研究的一个理论视角。这个视角对当代村庄研究及对村庄建设目标的思考是一个有益的补充。

We should have an assumption about the nature and ideal state of villages in developing New Countryside. The nature concerns our vision of contemporary villages and a blueprint of New Countryside. Based on T？ nnies ＇ s concept of ＂common community＂ and Japanese scholars＇ discussion on the nature of China＇ s rural ＂common community＂, we can construct an ideal concept in a Weber＇ s sense-＂ livelihood common community＂, as a theoretic perspective for research on villages. It is argued that this perspective is beneficial for the research on contemporary villages and the reflection on the goals of village construction.