我国县级政府应对突发事件的法制之完善——以贵州省石阡县“5.25”和“6.4”洪灾为分析对象

On the Improvement of Legal Systems at China's County-level Government against Unexpected Accidents: A Case Study of Shiqian County's Floods

从贵州省石阡县"5.25"和"6.4"洪灾中可以发现,我国县级政府应对突发性事件的法律制度存在诸多不足:城乡规划建设不符合预防和处置突发事件的需要;预警监测机制不健全;应急预案不完备,操作性也不强,风险评估机制失灵;媒体应急宣传功能缺失;行政问责制度不力以及巨灾风险管理体系不完善等。而完善的具体途径则是:健全应急预案体系,提高风险预防的质量;制定和修改城乡规划应当符合预防和处置突发事件的需要;对县域内的危险源和危险区域进行调查、登记、风险评估;建立健全高效、灵敏的监测预警机制;鼓励全民参与和扶持社会组织,完善合作机制;构建和完善突发事件应对问责制度;重视和发挥媒体的宣传、导向功能。

The floods of May 25 and June 4 in Shiqian County of Guizhou Province show the inadequacies of legal system of China＇ s county - level government in dealing with unexpected accidents, such as irrational urban and rural planning, unsound warning and supervising mechanisms, risk assessment system failure, lack of publicity functions of media, weak administrative accountability system, and faulty risk management system against big disasters. It is argued that efforts should be made in the areas mentioned so as to handle unex- pected accidents efficiently.