龙岩地区过敏性疾病患者皮肤点刺试验505例检测结果分析

Analysis of skin prick test results in 505 anaphylactic disease cases in Longyan area

目的通过分析龙岩地区过敏性疾病的过敏原分布情况,为诊断、预防和治疗提供依据。方法采用23种标准化过敏原对龙岩地区505例拟诊为过敏性疾病患者进行皮肤点刺试验（SPT）,分析不同年龄、性别和疾病患者在过敏原阳性率分布上的差异。结果 SPT阳性率前六位的过敏原分别为屋尘螨（47.5%）、粉尘螨（44.6%）、蟑螂（34.7%）、鸡蛋清（25.3%）、鸡蛋（23.0%）、小虾（20.8%）。0~3岁组与4~7岁组、0~3岁组与8~14岁组、0~3岁组与14岁以上组患者中SPT阳性率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不同性别之间SPT阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论屋尘螨、粉尘螨、蟑螂、鸡蛋清、鸡蛋、小虾是龙岩地区过敏性疾病的主要过敏原,不同年龄阶段的患者SPT阳性率有所不同。

Objective To analyze distribution of allergens for anaphylactic disease in Longyan area, in order to provide reference for diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Methods Skin prick test（SPT） was applied for 23 standardized allergens in 505 suspected anaphylactic disease patients. Differences in distribution of allergen positive rates were analyzed in patients of different age, gender and disease. Results The top six allergens in positive rate of SPT were dermatophagoides pteronyssinus（47.5%）, dermatophagoides farina（44.6%）, cockroach（34.7%）, egg white（25.3%）, egg（23.0%）, and shrimp（20.8%）. There were statistically significant differences of SPT positive rates between 0~3 years old group and 4~7 years old group, 8~14 years old group, and over 14 years old group（P0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference between different gender of SPT positive rate（P0.05）. Conclusion Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dermatophagoides farina, cockroach, egg white, egg, and shrimp are the main allergens in Longyan area. Patients in different age stages have different SPT positive rates.