明清家谱人物传记的结构方式与存世价值——以徽州家谱为中心

Structure and Value of the Family Biography in the Ming and Qing Dynasties——Focusing on Huizhou Genealogy

通过对明清徽州家谱人物传记进行分类,得知家谱涵盖《小传》、《系传》、《类传》、《专传》、《合传》等传记方式;以叙述人物的名讳、字号、籍贯、排行、品性德行、重要事迹、生卒年月、德配、墓地山向为基本结构模式,并运用按语、方志、传赞等编修方式充实传记内容。在分析家谱人物传记的结构方式的基础上,论述了传记的史料价值与社会教化功能,有利于进一步探究徽州谱牒文献的内容与体例,而且为研究明清徽州宗族社会概况具有重要价值,对于弘扬中华民族传统优秀文化具有一定存世价值。

Through the classification of the Ming and Qing Dynasties＇ Huizhou genealogy biographies, it can be known that the genealogy covers many biological approaches, such as brief biography, group biography, special biography and combined biography, and the basic pattern of the genealogy is to narrate the name, the birth place, seniority among brothers and sisters, character, virtue, great deeds, dates of birth and death, worthy wife, and position of the graveyard of a per- son. Confronts, local annals, and enrich the content of the biography. Based on the structure analysis of the biography of the genealogy, the paper discusses the historical value and social educational function of the biography, which is conducive to further explore the content and style of Huizhou genealogy literature. Besides, it is of great significance to the study of the Ming and Qing Dynasties＇ Huizhou patriarchal clan social situation and of certain significance for carrying forward the fine traditional Chinese culture.