呼吸科住院病人营养风险筛查和营养支持的调查研究

Nutritional risk screening and clinical nutritional support in the department of respiratory medicine

目的:探讨呼吸科病人的营养状况以及营养支持的应用情况,了解营养风险在疾病诊断上的差异。方法:采用营养风险筛查方法(NRS 2002)对呼吸内科712例住院病人进行营养风险筛查,统计营养不良、营养风险发生率和营养支持情况,分析不同性别、年龄和不同疾病的病人营养风险情况以及营养风险与营养指标之间的关系。结果:在住院病人中,营养不良发生率为13.4%(96/712),营养风险发生率为20.2%(144/712)。男性病人有营养风险者高于女性,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。≥60岁的病人有营养风险者多于<60岁者,且差异有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05)。在144例有营养风险的病人中,行营养支持者42例(29.2%),有营养风险组病人的营养指标均低于无营养风险组,差异有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:呼吸科病人营养不良和有营养风险的发生率较高,尤其是老年病人。NRS 2002适用于呼吸疾病病人的营养风险筛查,可作为其营养治疗方案的依据。

Objective： To assess the nutritional status and nutritional support in hospitalized patients with respiratory medicine in order to determine gender or age associated difference in nutritional risk. Methods： The information of 712 respiratory medicine patients were collected in this study. Nutri- tional risk screening 2002 （NRS2002） was performed and nutritional support evaluation was performed. Results： Of the 712 patients,the incidence of malnutrition was 13. 4% （96/712） and the incidence of nutritional risk was 20.4% （144/712）. The incidence of nutritional risk of men was higher than the women, and there was no significant difference （P 〈 0.05 ） between the gender. The incidence of nutri- tional risk was significantly higher in old patients （ ≥ 60 years）than not-old patients （ 〈 60 years） and there was significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 ） between the age. The rate of nutritional support of the 144 patients was 29.2% （42/144）. Conclusion ： The rate of malnutrition and nutrition risk were higher in the patients with respiratory diseases, especially in the older patient.