高温气候下汽车空调性能优化设计与效果分析

Performance Optimal Design and Effect Analysis of Vehicle Air Conditioning System under High Temperature Climate

为了解决中东地区高温气候下汽车空调降温效果差及系统压力过高的问题,本文提出了空调系统性能优化设计的方案。针对高温气候下冷负荷增大导致的冷凝器负荷增大的特点,设计了一套副冷凝器系统;通过更换后空调风道保温材料降低了风道内的冷量损失,通过增加窗帘减少了环境向车内传递的热负荷;在增加副冷凝器系统后,冷媒充注量也相应增加了270 g。实验测试了优化方案实施前后的空调系统的性能。实验结果表明,行车过程中前出风口温度降低了6℃,后出风口温度降低了8℃左右。本文提出的优化方案实施效果良好,能有效解决高温气候下汽车空调存在的一些问题。

In order to solve the problems of poor cooling effect and high system pressure of vehicle air conditioner under high temperature climate for Middle East, the optimal design scheme for air conditioning system was proposed. Aiming at the character of the increasing condenser heat load caused by the increase of cooling load under high temperature climate, a set of auxiliary condenser system was designed. The cooling capacity lost was decreased by replacing the thermal insulation material for the back side air duct of the air conditioner, and the heat load transfer from ambient to the inside of the vehicle was decreased by adding the curtain. The refrigerant charge amount was increased by 270 g corresponding to the addition of auxiliary condenser. The performances of the air conditioning systems before and after the optimization scheme implementation were tested. The test results show that, the outlet air temperatures of the front side and back side are decreased by 6 ℃ and 8℃, respectively. The implementation effect of the optimization scheme is very good, and the optimization scheme proposed in the present study can effectively solve the problems for the air conditioner operating under high temperature climate.