宋代官员的便宜行事权的合法性与制约

Legality and Conditionality:The Officials Power of Act as One Sees Fit during Song Dynasty

两宋时期,便宜行事权主要由中央赐予。幕主地位较高、便宜行事权限范围较广,则往往将自己的便宜行事权赐予其幕僚或属将。与此对应,当中央认为有必要时,则通过下诏的方式收回此项权力。宋代有效地避免了便宜行事权所造成的地方对中央的离心力,使便宜行事权始终掌控在中央与皇帝手里。然而宋中央也因为对地方势力发展的过度担心,造成对便宜行事权的过度控制,以至在不恰当时机收回便宜行事权。

During the two Song Dynasty period, the power of act as one sees fit was mainly granted by the central government. If the Mu Zhu had higher position and the range of act as one sees fit was broader, he would often give this right to his Mu Liao and Shu Jiang. Correspondingly, the central government took back this right when deemed it necessary. The Song Dynasty effectively avoids the centrifugal force caused by the right to act as one sees fit, so the right of act as one sees fit was keeping in the central and the hands of the emperor all along. However, because of excessive worry about the development of local forces, Song Dynasty took back the right to act as one sees fit at an inappropriate time.