水氮钾耦合对花生产量的影响

Interaction Effect of Water,Nitrogen and Potassium Coupling on Peanut Yield

在遮雨控水条件下,采用三因素五水平二次正交旋转组合设计,通过盆栽试验,研究了不同土壤水分、氮、钾肥耦合效应对花生产量的影响,以期为东北半干旱地区花生水肥调控提供科学的依据。建立了水、氮、钾三因素回归模型,并进行了各因素主效应、交互效应分析及产量模拟寻优。结果表明,影响花生产量单因子主效应大小顺序为水〉钾〉氮效应;交互作用大小顺序为钾-水〉氮-水〉氮-钾;交互效应模型均为非典型效应函数,表现为高钾高水、高氮高水和低氮高钾组合产量最高。通过确定目标产量,频率优选模拟寻优得到最优氮肥、钾肥用量范围（田间用量）分别为60.284~66.567kg/hm2（纯N）和194.033~212.714kg/hm2（纯K2O）,最适土壤水分指标为田间持水量的73.48%~74.29%。

Pot experiments involving a factorial combination of three factors （soil water content, nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer） at five levels were conducted to investigate the relationships of soil mois- ture and applied N and K fertilizers on the yield of peanut, with the purpose of providing scientific basis for irrigation and fertilizer regulation of peanut in semiarid area of northeast. Data obtained from this study was used to develop regression models between these three factors and yield. Results showed that the or- der of importance of water, nitrogen and potassium with respect to influencing the yield of peanut was. soil water content〉potassium〉nitrogen. The order of interaction effects between two factors was. irrigation and potassium〉nitrogen and irrigation〉potassium and nitrogen. The interaction effects model all showed atypical effect functions, the combination of the highest yields were high potassium and high irrigation, high irrigation and low nitrogen, low nitrogen and high potassium respectively. By determining the target yield and using the preferred frequency of simulation optimization, the optimal combination of test factors was that the nitrogen and potassium fertilizers （field dosage） were 60. 284-66. 567 kg/hmz （pure N） and 194.033-212. 714 kg/hm2 （pure K2O） respectively. The optimal irrigation index was 73.48% -74.29% of field capacity.