河套灌区地埋滴灌对向日葵生长指标和水分利用效率的影响

Effets of Underground Drip Irrigation on the Sunflower Growth Indexes and Water Use Efficiency in Hetao Irrigation Area

分析了不同滴灌带埋深条件下向日葵的各项生长指标和产量、水分利用效率、灌溉水利用效率。结果表明,苗期滴灌带埋深5cm的株高和茎粗略高,现蕾期后滴灌带埋深15cm的株高和茎粗显著高于滴灌带埋深0、5、10、20cm和CK;滴灌带埋深15cm的花盘直径显著高于滴灌带埋深0、5、10、20cm和CK;苗期滴灌带埋深20cm的向日葵根系显著高于其他处理,现蕾期后滴管带埋深15cm更利于根系生长;苗期滴灌带埋深5cm有利于根质量密度的形成,根系生长完成后,每埋设深度水平附近的根质量密度明显增大;滴灌带埋深15cm的产量、水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率比CK分别提高12.79%、31.8%、14.66%。滴灌带埋深15cm更有利于向日葵的生长及产量的提高。

In order to explore the cooperatives the buried depth of underground drip irrigation, the changes of growth indexes of sunflower and yield, water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency were ana- lyzed with sunflower beauty 909 as experimental material. The results indicated that plant height and stem diameter were slightly higher with drip irrigation belt buried depth of 5 cm in the seedling stage, and plant height and stem diameter under buried depth of 15 cm was significantly higher than those with buried depths of 0, 5, 10, 20 cm and CK in the budding stage; Faceplate diameter under buried depth of 15 cm was significantly higher than those with buried depths of 0, 5, 10, 20 cm and CK. Sunflower root under buried depth of 20 cm was significantly higher compared to the other four different buried depths in seed- ling stage, while it was more conducive to the growth of root system under buried depth of 15 cm in the budding period; Buried depth of 5 cm in seedling stage 5 cm was conducive to the growth of root weight density, root growth, and the root weight density near the buried depth increased significantly after the completion of each embedding depth; Under buried depth of 15 cm, the yield, water use efficiency and irri- gation water use efficiency were improved by 12. 79%, 31.8%, 14. 66% compared to CK respectively, which was more conducive to the growth of sunflower and yield enhancement.