某医院外科临床用血变化特征分析

Study on the Clinical Transfusion in Surgery Department of A Hospital

目的采用回顾性方法分析本院外科每个科室最近4年临床用血量及各成分变化特征,为提升外科临床用血及手术输血水平提供循证输血医学依据。方法收集2011～2014年医院外科各成分用血量、手术例数、手术用血量等,比较医院4年用血的变化特征,分析外科患者治疗及手术用血的变化趋势。结果 2011年手术量及用血总量最高,近2年呈稳中下降趋势。其中红细胞、血浆主要用于骨科;血小板和冷沉淀主要用于肝胆外科、心血管外科和ICU外科;自体血主要用于骨科和妇产科。手术红浆比例除儿科外,其余经历了波动后基本维持在1.5左右。结论本院外科用血总量保持比较稳定的变化趋势,手术红浆比例也处于在控状态,但仍需注意手术输血管理策略,尽量减少不必要的输血,做到科学合理输注。

Objective To analyze the requirements and components of blood transfusion in surgery departments and to provide evidence for reasonable transfusion in clinical operation.Methods Blood components used in surgery departments in our hospital were analyzed and the variation of blood use was compared from 2011 to 2014.Results In 2011,the total amounts of surgery and transfused blood volume were high,and declined steadily in recent 3 years.Red blood cells and plasma were mainly used by orthopedics;platelets and cryoprecipitate were mostly used in hepatobiliary,cardiovascular surgery and surgical ICU.Autologous blood transfusion frequently occurred in orthopedics and obstetrics and gynecology.Except department,the ratio of 1.5 of red blood cells to plasma was noted in the other departments except for pediatrics.Conclusions The total blood volume used in surgery departments in a hospital showed a steady decline in recent 3 years.The ratio of red blood cells to plasma is rational.Intensive management of blood transfusion is needed to minimize the unnecessary transfusions.