呼吸系统疾病患者血钠水平的影响因素分析

Analysis of factors affecting blood sodium level of patients with respiratory system diseases

目的：本研究拟首次将呼吸系统疾病患者血钠水平的影响因素进行分析初探。方法回顾性分析贵州省人民医院呼吸内科2013年1月1日～2013年4月31日收治的557例患者。根据血钠水平将患者分为血钠正常组和低钠血症组。收集患者的基本资料、临床指标、预后，分析探讨低钠血症的流行病学情况及与各呼吸系统疾病的关系。结果557例呼吸内科住院患者中，有121例合并低钠血症，发病率约为21．72％；低钠血症发生率最高的前3位呼吸系统疾病分别是：分别为肺炎57例（47．1％），慢性支气管炎26例（21．5％），肺癌11例（9．1％）；体温，舒张压，心率，WBC，Hb，Alb，BUN，Cl，有可能对血钠水平有影响（P＜0．05）；低钠血症组预后明显差于血钠正常组（ P＜0．05）。结论呼吸内科住院患者易合并低钠血症，且其影响因素较多，预后较差，应该引起临床重视。

Objective To study the influence factors affecting the blood sodium level of patients with respiratory system diseases for the first time. Methods A retrospective analysis of 557 cases in our hospital from January 1,2013 to April 31, 2013 were analyzed.According to the serum sodium levels, patients were divided into normal blood sodium group and hyponatremia group.The basic data, clinical indexes, prognosis were collected and the relationships between the epidemiology study of hyponatremia and the diseases of respiratory system were analysed.Results 557 cases of respiratory patients, 121 cases were complicated with hyponatremia, the incidence rate was about 21.72%; hyponatremia incidence of the top three diseases of respiratory system：57 cases of pneumonia （ 47.1%） , 26 cases of chronic bronchitis （ 21.5%） , 11 cases of lung cancer （ 9.1%）; temperature, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, WBC, Hb, Alb, BUN, Cl, might had an impact on the level of serum sodium （P〈0.05）; hyponatremia group prognosis was significantly worse than normal blood sodium group （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Patients in the department of respiratory internal medicine are easy suffered with hyponatremia, the factors are more, prognosis is poor, requiring clinical attention.