西藏产业结构演变:特征、问题与对策

The Characteristics,Problems and Countermeasures of Tibetan Industrial Structure Evolution

改革开放以来,西藏产业结构演变具有其特殊性。研究发现:西藏产业结构演变存在"跳跃性",越过了第二产业充分发展的重要阶段;西藏现阶段工业规模较小,而建筑业发展迅速,占据第二产业主导地位,建筑业与工业的发展存在一定程度失衡;第一产业内部的林业、渔业等具有比较优势的产业所占比重过低,且增长速度较慢;第三产业偏向于消费性行业,生产性行业较少,具有一定程度"虚高化";西藏三次产业结构演变呈现出较为明显的区域不平衡性。优化西藏产业结构应从加快推进农牧业转型和新型工业化进程,加大旅游业开发力度,提高生产性服务业在第三产业中的比重,以及在各地区采取差异化的产业结构政策等方面采取有效对策措施。

Since the reform and opening- up,Tibet＇s industrial structure evolution has the character of particularity. The study found that Tibet＇s industrial structure evolution has the characteristics of jumping and has crossed the important stage of full development of secondary industry. Tibet＇s industrial scale is small at the present stage. The construction industry has developed rapidly and has dominated the sec- ond industry. There is a certain degree of imbalance in the construction and industry. The proportion of forestry and fisheries with comparative advantage in the first industry is too low and the growth rate is slow. Most of the third industry is the consumer industry and only a minority of the third industry is the productive sector with a certain degree of ＂artificially high technology＂. There is a obvious regional imbalance in Tibet＇s industrial structure evolution. Optimization of the industrial structure in Tibet should accelerate agricultural transformation and industrialization,increase the development of the tourism industry and improve the proportion of producer services in the tertiary industry,and take the difference of the industrial structure policy in various regions.