民国时期国立大学考试招生理念探析

Analysis on the Concept of Enrollment and Entrance Examination of National University in the Period of the Republic of China

民国时期,国立大学招生考试经历了自主招考、统一招考、自主招考和大学联考并存等阶段。在不同的发展阶段,国立大学一直秉持选拔国家精英、促进公平竞争的基本理念。影响大学考试招生理念形成的因素不仅有学校的办学宗旨,还包括大学管理者的人才观和考试观。民国时期国立大学的考试招生理念影响着学校的招考实践,对当前大学自主招考改革也留下诸多启示。

In the period of the Republic of China, national universities experienced three stages in enrollment and entrance examination. Those are autonomous enrollment and entrance examination, unified enrollment and entrance examination, autonomous or combined enrollment and entrance examination coexisted. In different developing stages, national universities always kept the idea of selecting national elites and promoting fair competition. Many factors had effect on national university＇ s concept of enrollment and entrance examination, such as the aim of running a university, view of elite and view of exam. The concepts not only played an important role in national university＇s enrollment activities, but also left much beneficial enlightenment.