非洲青年就业及职业技能积累问题研究

Analysis on the Issue of Employment and Occupational Skills Accumulation of the Youth Population in Africa

非洲青年人口中有60%处于失业状态,导致青年人口贫困的同时,也使其成为社会稳定的扰动因素。非洲青年人口就业的结构性矛盾突出,该群体的低技能特征使之无法满足岗位需求,大部分人处于失业状态或徘徊在非正规就业领域,就业质量差且就业稳定性低。建议通过加强正规教育和在职培训提升该群体的就业能力:一方面,从长期看,基础教育应努力实现适龄人口全覆盖,中高等教育要不断提升教育层次和受教育年限,为接受职业教育奠定基础;另一方面,从中短期看,不断增加对职业技术教育的投入,提升职业技术教育和培训的质量与针对性。

60% of the youth population in Africa is unemployment and they are poor at the same time. They are considered as the interference factor that influences the social stability. The issue on the structural contradiction in the youth employment has become prominent increasingly. Their low skills cannot meet the position requirements. As a result, most of them are unemployment or wandering in the informal employment field with poor employment quality. It is suggested that formal education and on-the-job training should be strengthened to improve their employment ability. In the long-term, the elementary education should achieve full coverage of the school-age population, and the secondary and the higher education must constantly improve the education level and the number of years of education for their subsequent vocational education. In the short to medium-term, more funds and more efforts should be added to technical and vocational education and training to improve its quality and compatibility.