基于复合油雾喷射润滑的飞机钛合金蒙皮原位钻削技术研究

Study on the in Situ Drilling Technology Used in Titanium Alloy Thin-walled Structure of Plane Based on Combined Oil Mist-jet

针对传统钻孔技术难以满足新机钛合金蒙皮损伤修理要求，高能技术无法适应战伤抢修等问题，在分析复合雾滴喷射（Combined mist-jet, CMJ）润滑作用机理及其对钻削力影响的基础上，设计开发了便携式纯气动CMJ发生装置和钛合金蒙皮原位钻孔工具，并用其开展了无润滑干切削、最小量润滑（Minimum quantity lubrication, MQL）和CMJ润滑等三种条件下的钛合金Ti6Al4V（TC4）钻孔试验。结果表明：微量润滑是实现钛合金结构损伤原位切削润滑的有效技术途径，其中，CMJ 润滑效果更佳，在钻削2 mm厚度的TC4板材时，用油量为80～100 mL/h，用水量为200～400 mL/h时，与同等用油量的MQL润滑相比，其轴向钻削力减少24%，出口端毛刺高度降低29%，在钻头寿命内，可钻孔数提高42%；所设计的润滑装置及钻孔工具能够提高钻孔质量和抢修效率，为提升新机钛合金结构损伤外场修复及战伤抢修能力奠定了基础。

To solve the problems that traditional drilling technology is difficult to meet the damage repair requirement of new titanium alloy thin-walled and high energy technology can not adapt to the repair field, analyze the lubricant mechanism of combined mist-jet（CMJ） and its influence on drilling force, the portable pneumatic generator of CMJ and titanium alloy covering in situ drilling tools are developed. Ti6Al4V （TC4） drilling test is carried out fewer than three kinds of conditions such as dry cutting without lubrication, minimum quantity lubrication （MQL） and CMJ lubrication. Experiment results indicate that with 80 ~ 100 mL/h oil and 200 ~ 400 mL/h water consumption,the CMJ lubrication has the best effect during drilling the TC4 2 mm thickness sheet. Compared with the MQL lubricant with the same amount of oil, axial drilling force decreases 24% during CMJ lubrication; exit burr height is lower more than 29; in its usage life, the amount of whole can be drilled increase 42% than original. The results show that the designed CMJ lubricating system and its corresponding tools are useful for improving the repair efficiency and drilling quality and laid the foundation for field repair ability for titanium alloy structural damage of new type battle plane and battle damage repair.