公共品供给、职业特征与农民工市民化的城市偏好

Supply of Public Goods,Vocational Characteristics and Farmers' Urban Migration Preference

农民工对不同类型城市表现出异质性偏好是新型城镇化的时代特征,公共品供给和职业层次承载着异质性偏好的民生本源。文章基于偏好分层理论,运用泊松模型和零膨胀负二项模型实证分析农民工对不同类型城市偏好及一致性的影响机理。研究表明:(1)个体特征、家庭背景等仍是影响农民工对不同城市偏好的基本因素,公共产品及职业特征指标具有很强的解释能力;(2)农民工对公共品供给的满意度越高,则其对大城市的偏好程度越弱,从而提高农民工偏好务工的一致性;(3)职业层次特征对农民工关于城市偏好的影响呈U形特征,对偏好务工一致性的影响呈倒U形态,中层职位农民工一致性较强。在推进市民化进程中,政府强化公共品供给的杠杆作用时,应通过产业培育发挥职业层次结构的稳定器作用。

The heterogeneity of farmers＇ urban migration preference is the age feature of new urbanization; the supply of public goods and vocational level are the livelihood origin of heterogeneous preference. Based on preference stratification theory, this paper employs Poisson model and zero-inflated negative binomial model to analyze the effects of migrant workers on different urban migration preference and consistency. It comes to the results as follows： firstly, individual characteristics, family background and so on are still the basic factors affecting farmers＇ urban migration preference, and public goods ＆ vocational level show a strong explanation of farmers＇ urban migration preference; secondly, greater satisfaction of migrant workers from public goods weakens their preference for large cities, and leads to a stronger consistency in working preference; thirdly, vocational level characteristics have the U-shape impact on farmers＇ urban migration preference and inversed U-shape effect on the consistency in working preference, and migrant workers at medium-vocation level have stronger consistency. In the process of the advancement of urban citizen, governments strengthen the lever role of the supply of public goods, and also should exert the stabilization function of vocational level structure through industry cultivation.