在校大学生中医基本体质调查分析

Analysis on the distribution of basic Chinese medical constitutions in college students

目的:了解在校大学生的中医基本体质状况。方法:采用标准化调查表获得大学生中医基本体质类型和人口学信息,SPSS软件进行相关性分析。结果:大学生的基本体质分布比例从高到低依次是平和质(30.5%)、阳虚质(23.7%)、阴虚质(13.2%)、气虚质(10.4%)、湿热质(7.0%)、气郁质(6.1%)、痰湿质(4.5%)、血瘀质(2.4%)、特禀质(2.2%)。大学生的性别、年级、地区、BMI状态等都与体质类型密切相关(P<0.05)。前3位偏颇体质中,男生依次是气虚质、阴虚质和阳虚质,女生依次为阳虚质、阴虚质和气虚质;随着年级的升高,平和质的比例呈下降趋势,阳虚质比例呈升高趋势。结论:大学生中医基本体质类型分布受到性别、年级和BMI状态影响,可为大学生体质健康管理提供新的思路。

Objective： To investigate the distribution of basic Chinese medical constitutions of college students. Methods： Standardized questionnaires were adopted to identify the basic Chinese medical constitutions and demographic information of university students. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results： The basic physical distribution rate of college students from high to low in turn were as follows： gentleness type （30.5%）, yang-deficiency type （23.7%）, yin-deficieney type （13.2%）, qi-deficiency type （10.4%）, dampness-heat type （7.0%）, qi-depression type （6.1%）, phlegm-dampness type （4.5%）, blood-stasis type （2.4%）, special diathesis type （2.2%）. College students＇ sexual distinction, grade, area, BMI status were closely related to the constitution types （P〈0.05）. Of the pathological constitutional types of Chinese medicine, the top three of male were qi-deficiency type, yang-deficiency type and yin-deficiency type, while female were yang-deficiency type, yin-deficiency type and qi-deficiency type. With the increase of grade, gentleness type proportion was on the decline, but the ratio of yang-deficiency type showed a trend of rise. Conclusion： Distribution of basic Chinese medicine constitutions in college students was related to theft gender, grade and BMI. Valuable reference would be provided for college students health management standard by understanding the TCM basic constitution types of college students.