胎膜早破生殖道感染病原菌构成及耐药分析

Composition and drug resistance analysis of pathogens causing genital tracts infection during premature rupture of membranes

目的：了解2012～2014年产科胎膜早破产妇生殖道感染病原菌的构成特点及其耐药性变化，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对产科2012～2014年胎膜早破产妇生殖道标本所分离出的病原菌及其耐药性进行回顾性调查分析。结果共送检宫颈分泌物标本2000份，分离出病原菌598株，阳性率为29．90％。排前4位的病原菌是大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌、无乳链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌，分别占31．44％、20．90％、19．23％和10．03％。大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对常用抗菌药物耐药较为严重，且呈多重耐药，无乳链球菌和白色念珠菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率较低。结论进行病原学监测，了解病原菌构成及其耐药趋势，对合理选择抗菌药物、减少耐药菌株产生和控制医院感染暴发和流行均有重要价值。

Objective To investigate the composing characteristics and drug resistances of pathogens isolated from genital tracts in premature rupture of membranes of obstetrics from 2012 to 2014 ,for instructing clinical application of antibiotics reasonably . Methods A retrospective investigation analysis was made for all the isolated bacteria from genital tracts specimens as well as their drug resistances from 2012 to 2014 .Results The results shows that 598 strains of bacterial pathogens were isolated from 2000 detected samples ,The infection rate of bacterial pathogens was 29 .90% .The top four bacteria pathogens were E .coli（31 .44% ） ,Can . albicans（20 .90% ） ,Str .agalactiae（19 .23% ） and Sta .aureus（10 .03% ） .E .coli and Sta .aureus were highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics and demonstrated multi‐drug resistance .Str .agalactiae and Can .albicans were lowly resistant to commonly used antibiotics .Conclusion Inspecting pathogens and studying the composition of pathogens and the trend of their drug resistance are im ‐ portant to rationally select antibiotics ,decrease the occurrence of drug resistant strains in perinatal period ,and control the outbreak and prevalence of nosocomial infection .