基于核酸适体生物传感器检测多巴胺研究进展

Research Progress of the Detection of the Dopamine by the Aptamer Biosensor

基于核酸适体生物传感器检测多巴胺的不同原理,分别概述了电化学核酸适体传感器和光学核酸适体传感器检测多巴胺。这两种多巴胺的检测方法与传统方法相比具有明显的优势,如检测时间短、更易操作及检测范围更广等。采用这两种传感器检测多巴胺的浓度都已达到皮摩尔级的水平,响应时间小于1 s,且由于多巴胺适体的存在传感器表现出对多巴胺高度的特异性。未来将会把纳米技术和核酸适体传感器检测多巴胺紧密结合,从而大幅提高传感器的检测性能,同时核酸适体传感器检测多巴胺会向着集成化和便携式方向发展,以期能够得到更好的实际应用。

Based on different principles of the dopamine detection with the aptamer biosensor, the dopamine detection methods with the electrochemical aptamer sensor and optical aptamer sensor are reviewed. Compared with the traditional method, the two dopamine detection methods have obvious advantages, such as short detection time, easier operation, wider testing range, etc. The detection level of the two types of biosensors for the dopamine concentration is up to pmol/L, and the response time can be less than a second. And due to the existence of the aptamer, the biosensors show high specificity to the dopamine. In the future, the aptamer sensor detecting the dopamine will be closely combined with the nanotechnology, which can greatly improve the detection performance of the biosensors. Meanwhile, in order to get a better practical application, the aptamer sensors for the dopamine detecton will be more integrated and portable.