夏季黄海南部和东海近海浮游动物群落分布特征

Distribution characteristics of zooplankton communities in offshore waters of the Southern Yellow Sea and the East China Sea in summer

根据2013年夏季黄海南部和东海近海(23.5°N^35.0°N,117.5°E^125.5°E)的浮游生物生态调查资料,研究了该区域浮游动物的群落分布格局及其特征。结果表明,全海域浮游动物种类共有7门16类252种(不含58种浮游幼体)。用聚类分析法可将该海域的浮游动物分为6个群落,不同群落关键种生态特征差异明显。群落Ⅰ的优势种为背针胸刺水蚤(Centropages dorsispinatus)、肥胖箭虫(Sagitta enflata)和中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)等;群落Ⅱ的优势种为中华哲水蚤、肥胖箭虫和锥形宽水蚤(Temora turbinata)等;群落Ⅲ的优势种为中华哲水蚤和肥胖箭虫;群落Ⅳ的优势种为锥形宽水蚤、双生水母(Diphyes chamissonis)和亚强次真哲水蚤(Subeucalanus subcrassus)等;群落Ⅴ的优势种为太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)和真刺唇角水蚤(Labidocera euchaeta);群落Ⅵ的优势种为真刺唇角水蚤、强壮箭虫(S.crassa)和球型侧腕水母(Pleurobrachia globosa)。黄海南部和东海近海的浮游动物分布格局与水团势力范围呈现较高的契合性,不同水团温盐等要素差异,是影响浮游动物空间分布格局的主要原因。

The distribution characteristics of zooplankton communities were discussed based on the survey data in the offshore waters of the Southern Yellow Sea and the East China Sea （23.5°N -35.0°N, 117.5°E - 125.5°E） in summer, 2013. Seven phyla including 252 species （excluding 58 larval planktons） were identified. The zooplanktons were classified into six communities by cluster analysis with obvious ecological characteristics of of key species. Community Ⅰ was dominated by Centropages dorsispinatus, Sagitta enflata, Calanus sinicus, etc. ; Community Ⅱ was dominated by C. sinicus, S. enflata, Temora turbinata, etc. ; Community Ⅲwas dominated by C. sinicus and S. enflata ; Community Ⅳ was dominated by T. turbinate , Diphyes chamissonis , SubeucalantLs subcrassus , etc. ; Community V was dominated by Acartia pacifica and Labidocera euchaeta ; Community Ⅵ was dominated by L. euchaeta, S. crassa and Pleurobrachia globosa. The distribution pattern of zooplankton in the Southern Yellow Sea and the East China Sea showed a higher a- greement with water sphere. Difference in temperature and salinity in different water masses might be the main factor leading to the dis- tribution pattern of zooplankton.