青蒿提取物对牦牛瘤胃发酵及甲烷产量的影响

Effect of Artemisinin on Rumen Fermentation and Methane Emissions of Yak

为研究青蒿提取物对牦牛瘤胃液体外培养青藏高原高寒草甸四期牧草体外发酵及甲烷产量的影响,选取3头健康、年龄相近的瘘管牦牛为瘤胃液供体,采用体外产气法,全年四期牧草作为发酵底物,每期牧草分别添加0%、0.25%、0.5%、1.0%和2.0%的青蒿提取物,筛选最佳添加量。结果显示,青蒿提取物可在一定程度上增加不同期牧草体外发酵的累积产气量,显著增加慢速降解部分产气量和潜在产气量,并有改善牦牛瘤胃发酵的作用,促进短链脂肪酸(SCFA)生成,提高有机物质消化率(OMD),增加代谢能(ME)和泌乳净能(NEL)(P<0.05);在维持瘤胃正常发酵的条件下,青蒿提取物作为甲烷抑制剂在枯草期、返青期、青草期、枯黄期的适宜添加量分别为0.5%、2.0%、1.0%、0.25%。当返青期添加0.5%时抑制效果最佳。

This article studied the effect of artemisinin on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alpine meadow pastures＇ fermentation and methane emissions in vitro in the four periods yearly. 3 fit and fistulad yaks were selected as the rumen gastric juice donor for in vitro GP test and fermentation substrate. Yearly four periods pastures were added 0% ,0.25% ,0.5% ,1.0% and 2.0% artemisinin, respectively, to screen optimum additive amount. Results showed artemisinin could increase the cumulative gas production（GP）, GP in slowly degraded part and potential GP of each period to some extent, improved fermentation inner yak rumen, promoted the production of short chain fatty acids（SCFA）, and the digestibility of organic matter （OMD）, and increased metabolism energy（ME）and net energy lactation（NEL）（P〈0.05）. Maintaining the normal rumen fermentation conditions, the optimum additive amount of artemisinin as methane inhibitors in withered period, green-up period, grass period and withering period were 0. 5%, 2. 0%, 1.0% and 0.25% ,respectively,and 0.5% in green-up period performed the best inhibition effect.