超声影像诊断乳腺疾病进展

Advances of ultrasound diagnosis for breast disease

目的：探讨超声影像诊断乳腺疾病的作用及进展。方法选取2013年4月至2014年4月收治的100例乳腺疾病患者，采用超声影像诊断，探讨其作用，总结进展情况。结果乳腺增生74例，超声表现为乳腺增生，单侧或双侧乳腺有形态规则的无回声显示14例，包膜光滑，内透声良好，后方回声增强，为乳腺囊肿。乳腺纤维瘤10例，多为单侧单发，可见类椭圆形低回声在乳腺外上象限，包膜光滑，回声均匀，回声在后方多增强。乳腺炎6例，均为单侧，为哺乳期患者，乳腺边界欠清，局部增厚，内部分布不均，回声增强，加压时疼痛，内为不规则无回声区，有光斑或细小光点，挤压出现浮动情况，壁增厚且不光滑。乳腺癌10例，均为单侧，可见不规则低回声在乳腺内，与正常乳腺组织无清晰边界，无包膜，内回声不均，观察部分低回声，显示有点状强回声，低回声后方分布的回声呈减低显示。乳腺增生发病率占74%，与其他乳腺疾病比较差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）。结论乳腺疾病采用高频超声检查可诊断、定性、定位，且有较高的安全性，经济适用，为首选诊断方案，具有非常重要的应用价值。

Objective To investigate the role and progress of ultrasound imaging diagnosis for breast disease. Methods One hundred cases of breast diseases from April 2013 to April 2014 using ultra-sound diagnostic imaging were selected,to explore the role and summarize progress. Results Among the 100 breast patients,74 cases of breast hyperplasia,14 cases with unilateral or bilateral breast vegular morphological,capsule smooth,transparent sound good in the rear echo enhancement,breast cysts. There were 10 cases of adenofibroma,mostly unilateral solitary,oval hypoechoicity in the upper outer quadrant of the breast,coated smooth,uniform echo,echo in the rear enhanced. Six cases of mastitis were all unilateral in lactating patients,breast boundary less clear,local thickening,internal maldistribution,echogenic, pressurized pain,irregular echo-free zone within there spot or fine spot,squeezing appear floating case, wall thickening and not smooth. Ten cases of breast cancer were unilateral,showed irregular hypoechoic in the breast,and normal breast tissue without clear boundaries,no envelope,internal echo uneven,part hypoechoic,hyperechoic display behind a little bit like,hypoechoic distribution was reduced echo display. The incidence of mammary gland hyperplasia accounts for 74%,the difference was significant compared to other breast disease（P ﹤0. 05）. Conclusions Using high-frequency ultrasound to diagnose breast diseases is with high security,affordable;it is the preferred diagnostic program,has a very important value.