单芒山羊草染色体组优异基因发掘

Excellent Gene Exploration from Aegilops uniaristata Genome

单芒山羊草是小麦遗传改良的优异基因源,为发掘其基因组优异基因,以中国春小麦为对照,对一套中国春-单芒山羊草附加系进行农艺性状调查、抗病性鉴定以及品质性状测定。结果发现,单芒山羊草5N染色体上含有矮秆基因,1N和7N染色体上含有密穗基因;1N染色体上具有抗小麦条锈病基因;4N染色体导入小麦能够显著提高小麦品质。这些优异基因可用于小麦染色体工程育种中。

uniaristata is an excellent gene source for wheat genetic improvement. In order to excavate excellent genes from Ae. uniaristata genome, taking the wheat cuhivar Chinese Spring as control, the agronomic traits, disease resistances and quality traits of a set of Chinese Spring -Ae. uniaristata addition lines were investigated or identified. The results showed that the dwarf gene was on the chromosome 5N, and the compactum genes were on the chromosome 1N and 7N. The new yellow rust resistance gene was on the chromosome 1N. The wheat quality could be improved significantly through introducing the chromosome 4N. These explored excellent genes could be used in chromosomal engineering breeding of wheat breeding engineer.