针刺对老年大鼠腹部手术后海马CA1区神经元细胞凋亡的影响

Observation of acupuncture on the hippocampal CA1 neurons apoptosis in elderly rats after abdominal surgery

目的观察针刺对老年大鼠腹部手术后海马CA1区神经元细胞凋亡的影响,探讨针刺防治术后认知功能能障碍(POCD)的作用机制。方法将30只20月龄SD大鼠随机分为5组,即空白对照组(以下简称C组)、术后1 d处死组(以下简称S1组)、术后3 d处死组(以下简称S3组)、联合针刺术后1 d后处死组(以下简称A1组)及联合针刺术后3 d处死组(以下简称A3组),每组各6只。C组不予任何干预措施;S1组及S3组常规麻醉后开腹行脾切除术,A1组及A3组于麻醉前20 min取百会、印堂行针刺,并连接微电脑脉冲针灸治疗仪持续刺激直至手术结束。S1组及A1组于术后1 d处死,C组、S3组及A3组于术后3 d处死,并分离出大鼠海马组织进行固定包埋切片,观察比较各组大鼠海马CA1区神经元细胞凋亡情况。结果手术后S1组、S3组、A1组及A3组均可见海马CA1区神经元凋亡;与C组比较,S1组、S3组、A1组及A3组海马CA1区神经元凋亡光密度值均明显升高(P<0.05),且S1组升高最明显(P<0.05);与S1组及S3组比较,A1组及A3组海马CA1区神经元凋亡光密度值均明显降低(P<0.05),且A3组下降最明显(P<0.05)。结论手术创伤可引发海马神经元凋亡,针刺可抑制大鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡,对神经细胞起保护作用,这可能是针刺防治POCD的作用机制之一。

Objective To observe the effects of acupuncture on the hippocampal CA1 neurons apoptosis in elderly rats after abdominal surgery, and to investigate the mechanism of acupuncture preventing postoperative cogni- tive dysfunction （POCD）. Methods 30 twenty- month -old SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, that blank control group （C group）, sacrifice on postoperative ld group （S1 group） ,sacrifice on postoperative 3d group （S3 group）, sacrifice on postoperative l d group combined acupuncture （A1 group）, sacrifice on postoperative 3d group combined acupuncture （A3 group） ,6 rats in each group. Rats in C group were received no intervention. Rats in S1 and S3 groups were received open splenectomy under general anesthesia. Rats in A1 and A3 groups were received acupuncture of Baihui and Yintang by microcomputer pulse acupuncture therapeutic equipment 20 rain before anesthesia to the end of surgery. Rats in S1 and A1 groups were sacrificed one day after surgery,rats in C,S3 and A3 groups were sacrificed three day after surgery, then the brain hippocampal tissues were separated, fixed, embedded, sectioned and the neurons apoptosis were observed in all rats. Results Neurons apoptosis of hippocampal CA1 were observed in S1, S3, A1 and A3 groups after surgery. Compared with C group, optical density （OD） of hippocampal CA1 neurons apoptosis were obviously increased in S1 ,S3 ,A1 and A3 groups （P 〈0.05） ,especially in S1 group （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with S1 and S3 groups, OD of hippocampal CA1 neurons apoptosis were obviously decreased in A1 and A3 groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）, especially in S3 group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Operative injury can induce the apoptosis of hippocampal CA1 neurons. Acupuncture can inhibit the apoptosis of hippocampal CA1 neurons and has neuron protective effect which may be one of the mechanisms of prevention of post operative cognitive dysfunction by acupuncture.