黑土长期定位试验原状土搬迁对土壤腐殖质组分数量及光学特性的影响

Study on the Change of Humus Contents in Black Soil Under the Soil Removal on Long-term Fertilization Experimental Field

在黑土长期定位试验原状土搬迁的基础上,研究了土壤搬迁对黑土不同处理腐殖质组成及光学特性的影响。结果表明：搬迁前后定位试验各处理的土壤有机碳含量呈现动态变化,但变化趋势为0~20cm土层的有机碳含量高于20~40cm土层的碳含量,各处理间以MNPK含量最高,并随着搬迁年限增加土壤有机碳呈现增加趋势。胡敏酸碳含量和富里酸碳含量在土层0~20cm和20~40cm呈现动态变化中,但整体趋势2013年较2010年略有下降;胡敏素碳含量呈增加趋势。胡敏酸的△log K值、E4/E6值在搬迁后没有明显的变化规律。富里酸分子0~20cm土层各试验处理FA-E4/E6和FA-△log K变化相一致,大小顺序依次是MNPK〉M〉NPK〉CK。随着耕作、施肥年限的增加,富里酸分子都向着芳构化、复杂化的方向转化,利于胡敏酸的形成。土壤腐殖质组分数量和有机碳含量变化与当季种植的作物和施肥变化密切相关,所以黑土长期定位试验的各处理有机碳动态变化进一步验证了搬迁对各处理没有产生客观影响。

The change of the humus compositions and optical property of humus in black soil under the soil removal were studied on the basis of the soil removal of long-term located experiment field. The results indicated that the content of HE and FA was first increased and then decreased,soil change ratio in 20-40 cm layer was higher than it in 0-20 cm layer soil, the change rate of manure ＋ chemical treatment and manure treatment were higher. The influence of HA under removal had no significant difference in the two layers. The ratio of HA to FA decreased in the first year after removal and increased in the second year,the influence in two layers had no obvious difference. The content of HM had no obvious difference after removal,it still increased year by year. The/klog K and E4 / E6 of HE and FA had increased after removal and decreased in the second year after removal. The △log K and E4/ E6 of HA had no obvious variation after removal. The change of optical properties in the various components had no obvious regularity between two different layers.