中药渣资源综合再利用研究进展

Utilization of residues from Chinese medicinal herbs as a kind of bioresources

中草药的开发利用已经产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益,随之产生的中药渣废弃物也日益增加,已经成为不容忽视的社会问题.中药渣具有很多营养成分和活性物质,其利用方式主要有:提取其他有效成分,用于育苗及栽培基质,禽畜饲料生产,培养食用菌,发酵制取生物油、乙醇及沼气,处理废水,用于造纸产业;提取天然色素及作为药渣塑料原料等.本文对中药渣资源再利用的发展前景进行了展望,认为未来对中药渣的深入研发既具挑战性,又有广阔的发展前景.

The exploitation and utilization of Chinese herbs has already brought enormous economic and social bene- fits, but the resulting output of the herb residues has been increasing which has already become the social issue one should not neglect. Chinese herb residues also contain active ingredients and other elements. At present, there basi- cally exist the following means to reuse of herb residues： re-extraction of other ingredients, production of cultivating medium and fodder additive, culture of edible fungi, treatment of wastewater, making bio-oil, ethanol and methane, application to papermaking industry, extraction of natural pigment, making plastic materials, etc. Moreover, the development of herb residues reuse is prospected in this paper. Futher development and utilization of herb residues will be challenging and promising in the future.