人工肝支持系统在肝衰竭中的应用经验和进展

Application experience and progress of artificial liver supporting systems in hepatic failure patients

人工肝支持系统对肝衰竭的治疗作用已经得到公认,可以使部分患者病情得到恢复,还可以使患者有效地过渡到肝脏移植,分为非生物型人工肝、生物型人工肝和混合型3种,包括血浆置换、血液滤过、血液/浆灌流、连续性血液透析滤过、血液透析、白蛋白透析、血浆胆红素吸附和生物型人工肝等。目前常应用的方法有血浆置换、连续性血液透析滤过和血浆胆红素吸附,其作用机制就是通过机械性的方法祛除肝衰竭患者体内的毒性物质及代谢产物,补充部分活性物质,纠正凝血物质缺乏,使患者内环境改善,利于肝细胞再生,病情恢复。

It has been accepted that artificial liver supporting systems have therapeutic effective for hepatic failure. It has the power to make a part of patients recovered from the illness and to get through effective to liver transplantation. It is divided into three kinds, non-bioartificial liver, bioartificial liver and mixed type, including plasma exchange, hemofiltration, hemoperfusion/plasma perfusion, continuous bemodiafiltmtion, hemodialysis, albumin dialysis, plasma bilirubin absorption and bioartificial liver. At present, common application methods are plasma exchange, continuous hemodiafiltration and plasma bilirubin absorption. Its mechanization is that clear the harmful material and products of metabolism, supplement blood active substance and redress coagulation material lacks of the hepatic failure patient. It makes the environmental improvement, for the regeneration of liver cells and recovered from the illness.