“农二代”城镇层级流动对就业改进的梯次影响

The Echelon Influence of Urban Level Flow of the“Second Generation Migrant Workers”on Employment Improvement

"农二代"城镇层级流动对就业和城市化状况产生梯次性影响。利用全国3402份问卷调查数据构建顺序类别和多重定类Logistic模型,研究新生代农民工城镇层级流动对就业质量改进的梯次差别性影响。实证结果表明,"农二代"从低层级到高层级城镇流动提高了工资水平,增强了就业稳定性,但可识别就业机会减少。高层级城镇"农二代"带子女进城的倾向较高,低层级城镇农民工及其家庭整体流入和市民化更具可行性。与直辖市不同,地级市可识别就业机会较多,学历越高的农民工流入可能性越大,但工资水平没有吸引力。研究提出以小城镇社会服务业发展促进农民工家庭双就业和市民化,以产业结构升级转型提高地级市知识技能型人才吸纳集聚能力等建议。

The urban level flow of the＂ second generation migrant workers＂ has echelon influ- ence on employment and urbanization process. A sequential category and multiple Logistic model is constructed with the data of 3402 questionnaires, and an empirical study is made on the echelon influence of urban level flow of the new generation migrant workers on the improvement of employ- ment quality. The findings show that the flow of the＂ second generation migrant workers＂ from low level to high level increases the wage level, enhances the stability of employment, but the opportu- nities of identifiable jobs decreases. High level＂ second generation migrant workers＂ tend to take their children into the city, while the low level urban migrant workers have more feasibility to move the whole family into the city and become citizenization. Different from the municipal cities, there are more identifiable employment opportunities in county - level cities, and migrant workers with higher education background have more possibilities to move in, but the wage level has no attrac- tion. Finally the paper puts forward such suggestions as promoting family dual employment and cit- izenization of migrant workers by developing social services in small cities and towns, and enhan- cing the ability of county - level cities to attract talents with abundant knowledge and skills by transforming and upgrading the industrial structure