自选择、非农就业城乡转换及工资差距

Self-selection,Switch of Non- agricultural Employment between Urban- rural Areas and the Wage Differences

基于2008年中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)数据,利用内生转换模型分析了农民工进城务工与本地务工的影响因素及其工资差距。结果表明:健康、婚姻、性别、受教育年限、年龄、城市亲友数量以及人均耕地面积等因素对于农民工就业区域选择具有显著影响。农民工就业决策中的自我选择对其收入有显著影响,并且进城务工与本地务工存在不同的工资决定机制。在控制自选择偏误后,进城务工比本地务工能获得更多工资,但其处理效应较小。由于个体异质性,本地务工的农民工表现出较强的获取收入能力,而进城务工则体现出负向自选择。

Based on the CHIP data in 2008, an endogenous switching model is developed to analyze the factors for migrant workers to work in urban areas and local areas, and the wage differ- ences. The results indicate that variables such as health, marriage status, gender, education, age, number of relatives and friends in cities, and per capita arable land all significantly impact the regional choice of migrant workers to work. The study finds out that self - selection, as one of the employment decisions, has significant effects on the income of migrant workers. Meanwhile, the wage decision mechanisms are diffeient for them to work in urban and local areas. By control- ling the biased error of self - selection, migrant workers have higher income to work in urban areas than in the local areas, but the treatment effect is small. Due to the heterogeneity of individuals, migrant workers who work in local areas have stronger capabilities to get income, while negative self - selection can be found in migrant workers who work in urban ares. app ： addword ： migration.