失效模式与效应分析在防范实习护士针刺伤中的应用

Application of failure mode and effect analysis on the prevention of needle injuries in practice nurses

目的:探讨失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)在实习护士针刺伤防范中的应用效果。方法:选择2012级实习护士(对照组,n=101)和2013级实习护士(观察组,n=109)为研究对象,应用FMEA方法,成立针刺伤防范小组,分析失效模式及相关原因,计算优先风险指数(RPN),制定改进措施并实施,比较观察组实施FMEA前后RPN值和两组针刺伤发生率。结果:观察组改进措施实施后RPN值降低,针刺伤发生率明显下降,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:将FMEA应用于实习护士针刺伤防范中,可有效降低针刺伤发生率,提高临床实习安全。

Objective： To explore the effect of failure mode and effect analysis （FMEA） on the prevention of needle injuries in practice nurses. Methods： The practice nurses of 2012 grades （control group, n=101） and practice nurses of 2013 grades （experimental group, n=109） were chose as research object. We applied the method of FMEA, set up the needle stick prevention group, analyzed failure mode and related causes, calculated risk priority number （RPN）, formulated improvement measures to implement, then compared RPN of the ex- perimental group before and after the implementation of FEMA and the needle stick rate. Results： The RPN value and needle stick inci- dence reduced after implementing improvement measures in experimental group, and there was statistical significance between the two groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Applying FMEA can effectively reduce the needle stick incidence and improve the clinical practice safety for practice nurses.