经营期望、管理自主权与战略变革

Performance Aspiration,Managerial Discretion and Strategic Change

本文基于企业行为理论和高层梯队理论重点分析了经营期望与战略变革之间的关系,并探讨了管理者的组织、环境和制度自主权对两者关系的调节作用。结果表明:经营期望落差越大,管理者实施战略变革的程度越高;拥有较高的组织自主权(充足的组织资源和较低的惯性约束)和环境自主权(丰腴的市场环境),强化了管理者在经营期望落差扩大时实施战略变革的程度;但制度自主权的缺失,即国企制度背景和欠发达的区域制度环境,由于从内外部制度层面上约束了管理者的决策自由度,则削弱了其在经营期望落差下实施战略变革的程度,然而,拥有政府关系背景则赋予了管理者更高的制度自主权,从而使其在经营落差困境下实施战略变革的程度又被强化。本研究有助于从经营期望视角解释战略变革的动机问题,同时也有助于理解中国转型经济制度背景下,制度自主权对管理者决策的影响机制。

This research paper investigates the relationship between performance aspiration and strategic change and explores the moderating effects of three different sorts of managerial discretions. The findings show that the larger performance-aspiration gap incurs higher level of strategic change. Higher organizational discretion （higher resource endowment and lower organization inertia）and environmental discretion（ higher market munificence）strengthen the degree of strategic change when mangers face the increase of performance-aspiration gap. In contrast, lack of institutional discretion constraints the discretion of managers＇ decision-making, and results to the lower level of strategic change, however, political ties endow manager greater institutional discretion, and strengthen the degree of strategic change when performance is below aspiration. This research enriches current understanding on the motivation of strategic change from performance aspiration perspective. More specifically, this research provides insights into the influence of managerial discretion on managers＇ decision-making in the Chinese transitional economy context.