密度与行距对协玉3号玉米植株性状及产量的影响

The Effects of Row Spacing and Planting Density on Plant Traits and Maize Yield of Xieyu 3

以玉米品种协玉3号为材料,设置等行距50 cm,等行距60 cm,宽窄行60 cm+40 cm共3个行距和6.00万,6.75万,7.50万株/hm2共3个种植密度,研究种植密度与行距对玉米产量、植株性状以及植株性状对产量的影响,寻求最佳种植行距与密度,为实现玉米超高产栽培创建提供技术依据。结果表明,行距对协玉3号的产量影响达到了极显著水平,行距与密度对其株高、穗位高、第3节茎粗、雄花分枝、穗粒质量和百粒质量均有影响,多个作用大小不一的植株性状间的交互作用共同影响决定玉米产量。协玉3号在密度为7.50万株/hm2和60 cm等行距配置模式下产量最高,可达16 646.70 kg/hm2。因此,增宽行距、缩小株距、扩大密度是实现紧凑型玉米协玉3号超高产的有效途径,对山西省中部水浇地条件下玉米高产创建具有很好的指导作用。

The paper studied the effects of plant density and row spacing on maize yield, plant traits and plant traits influence on production, to seek the best plant row spacing and density, to provide technical basis for realizing the super high yield maize cultivation to create. The research adopted the method of randomized block design based on the materials of Xieyu 3 （maize hybrid）, set up three row spacings （60 cm reached, 50 cm and 60 cm ＋ 40 cm row spacing）, three planting densities （60 000, 67 500 and 75 000 plant/hm2）, random and repeat 3 times. The results showed that the effect of row spacing on the yield of Xieyu 3 reached extremely significant level, and different row spacing and density on the plant height, ear height, the third stem diameter, the male branch, spike kernel weight and 100 kernel quality had influenced. The interaction of multiple functions and the interaction between different plant traits determined the yield of maize. Xieyu 3 in the density of 75 000 plant/hm2 and 60 cm row spacing had the highest yield, which was 16 646.70 kg/hm2. So, broadening row spacing, narrowing spacing and expanding the density is the effective way to achieve compact maize Xieyu 3 super high yield, which has good guidance for high yield of maize in the irrigated land of middle areas in Shanxi province.