电感耦合等离子体质谱-原子荧光光谱法研究上海口岸进口印度尼西亚煤炭微量元素的赋存形态特征

Study on Occurrence Status Characteristics of Trace Elements in Imported Indonesia Coals of Shanghai Port Using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry and Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry

印度尼西亚是我国最大的煤炭进口国,本文应用电感耦合等离子体质谱、原子荧光光谱、直接测汞仪等技术分析了上海口岸31批进口印度尼西亚煤炭中的12种微量元素,结合数理统计方法研究该类煤炭中微量元素的赋存形态。结果表明,进口印尼煤炭中含有高汞煤、三级含砷煤,As、Hg的平均富集系数大于1,其迁移风险值得关注;Be、Cu、Mo、Cd、Sn、Pb含量均低于中国煤和世界煤炭的平均水平,体现出印尼煤炭低灰分的品质特征。12种微量元素和相关项目(灰分和全硫)可划分为3类:第一类归纳为黏土矿物吸附类,包括As、Be、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Mo、Cd、Sn、Pb、灰分;第二类归纳为硫铁矿类,包括Hg、全硫;第三类归纳为碳酸盐矿物类,包括Ba。本文研究结果对于指导进口煤炭开发、利用过程中的环境评价和洁净化处理具有一定的参考价值。

Indonesia is the largest coal importer of China. In this paper,the concentrations of 12 elements in 31 imported Indonesia coal samples were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry（ ICP-MS）, atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry（ AFS ）,Direct Mercury Analyzer. The concentrations of trace elements in imported Indonesia coals were compared and evaluated. The statistical methods of correlation analysis,cluster analysis ,factor analysis were used to obtain some useful information about the possible modes of occurrence of these elements. The study shows that imported Indonesian coals containing high mercury coal,three levels of arsenic coal. The average enrichment coefficient of As,Hg is greater than 1,which suggest the migration risk of As,Hg should be concerned. The average concentrations of Be,Cu,Mo,Cd,Sn,Pb in imported Indonesia coals,lower than the Chinese coal and the world coal,which consistent with low ash content of Indonesia coals. The trace elements in this study can be divided into three categories：the first category is summed up as the clay mineral adsorption,including As,Be,Cr,Co,Hi,Cu,Mo,Cd,Sn,Pb,ash;second into the pyrite type,including Hg,total sulfur;third into the carbonate minerals,including Ba. The research of distribution of trace elements in imported Indonesia coals could provide scientific reference for environmental assessment and clean utilization of imported Indonesia coals.