棉花全程机械化配套技术初探

Preliminary Study on Whole Mechanization Supporting Technology of Cotton

荆门(中国农谷)农业科学研究院依托两个院士工作站的技术力量,引进棉花直播机、单行采摘机等机械开展麦后棉、油后棉全程机械化试验。结果表明,棉花机械直播与收获虽然受到气候、品种等因素的限制,但还是取得了省工省时轻简的效果。机械收获棉花应掌握高密度直播、全程化调、化学催熟脱叶、机械收获等技术要领,选择株型紧凑、结铃集中、吐絮畅快、后发性强、易脱叶、品质较好的早熟短季棉,采取引进新型精量直播机、定高化调等改进措施。

Jinmen academy of agricultural sciences relies on the technology of two working stations, the direct sowing ma- chine and single picking machine were used to conduct experiments on whole mechanization of cotton after wheat and cotton after rape. The results showed that although mechanical direct sowing and harvest of cotton were affected by climate, species and other factors, it still had some advantages of time-saving and energy-saving. Mechanical harvest of cotton should follow the principles of high density direct sowing, chmical acceleration of maturation and mechanical harvest. It is suggested to choose early-maturing and short season cotton with compact plant, which were concentrated in time, easy to disleave, and had good ball blowing and quality. Meanwhile, the new precision direct sowing machine should be adopted.