克里斯托弗·希尔与英国革命研究

Christopher Hill and His Studies of the English Revolution

17世纪的英国革命推翻了君主专制统治,确立了立宪君主政体,为资本主义的发展铺平了道路。这场革命也成为包括克里斯托弗·希尔在内的一些英国著名史学家关注的焦点。克里斯托弗·希尔是英国著名马克思主义史学家,研究都铎王朝和斯图亚特王朝的权威之一。与英国其他马克思主义史学家一样,希尔倡导"自下而上的"史学研究,关注社会底层,强调大众的经验。他在英国革命研究中运用了阶级分析方法,强调这场革命是一场资产阶级革命;同时,他主张从社会、政治、经济以及思想文化等多个层面看待这场革命,避免简单的分析和粗俗的经济基础一上层建筑解释模式。希尔对英国革命的解释,影响了我国史学界对这场革命的看法。

Christopher Hill is a famous Marxist historian in the UK,and among a few British great historians,he decisively shaped the interpretive landscape of the Tudor and Stuart dynasties.Hill advocated 'bottom-up' historical study,paid great attention to lower classes in society,and emphasized public experiences.He used the method of class analysis in his studies of the English Revolution,and proposed to explore the English Revolution in the 17 th century from multiple aspects to avoid simplistic analysis and coarse basesuperstructure model.Hill's explanations of the English Revolution have transformed our views of the revolution.