最终需求视角下我国碳排放总量地区分解研究

The Research of Regional Decomposition of Carbon Emissions from the Perspective of Final Demand

碳排放总量控制是减排的必经之路,在我国区域差异大的背景下,分区减排又是急待解决的核心问题。从投入-产出法的核心思想——最终需求出发,优先满足公平性,其次兼顾效率性,从一个全新的角度探索碳排放总量地区分解方法,通过满足消费需求碳排放权保证代内公平、通过满足经济发展需求碳排放权保证代际公平,不仅使地区居民生活和经济发展必须的碳排放权得到满足,又从碳排放权使用效率最大化上考虑使减排的经济代价尽量减少,解决碳排放总量目标区域分解的难题,为我国从碳强度控制最终转向碳排放总量控制奠定坚实的基础。结论表明国家应从地区人口规模、经济发展水平、地区碳转移以及能源生产力的差异上分配差异化的减排考核目标,使各个地区愿意并且能够完成任务。

Carbon emissions control is the only way to reduction. In the context of large regional differences,partition reduction is the core problem that needed to be solved urgently. From the perspective of the input- output method of ＂Final Demand＂,the paper puts forward the idea that we should give priority to fairness and take into account the efficiency. The paper also explore the method of regional decomposition of carbon emissions from a new perspective. By meeting consumer demand,carbon emission rights ensure ＂inner- generation equity＂. By meeting the needs of economic development,carbon emission rights ensure＂inter- generation equity＂. In this way,we can not only meet the need of carbon emissions for the indispensable living and economic development in the region,but also minimize the economic costs of reducing emissions from maximizing the efficient use of carbon emission rights. The paper solves the problem of the regional decomposition of carbon emissions,and lays a solid foundation for shifting carbon intensity control to carbon emissions control. Conclusions show that the country should,based on regional population size,level of economic development,regional carbon transfer and energy productivity differences,assign differentiated emissions reduction targets so that each region is willing and able to complete the task.