从昂萨格对杨振宁的学术影响看科研选题

Seeing through Onsager 's Academic Influence on Yang to Perceive Research Topic Selection

昂萨格影响了杨振宁求解出伊辛模型的自发磁化强度、证明单位圆定理、提出非对角长程有序的概念和杨-巴克斯特方程。透视这一历程,启示有二:第一,科研选题不应轻视其小,只要与学科的基本现象或问题、基本定律相关,小题目的解决可能引发系列问题,进而导致大的进步甚至革命性突破。第二,具备深刻的洞察力才能找到好的问题,而洞察力的培养离不开理论积累与实践工作。理论积累意味着深厚的理论功底和宽宏的理论视野;演算、推导是理论性学科不可或缺的实践性工作。

Onsager inspired Yang Chen Ning to calculate spontaneous magnetization of the Ising model,prove unit circle theorem,define the concept of off- diagonal long- range order,and propose the Yang- Baxter equation. The example of Onsager’s academic influence on Yang shows two points. First,as long as research topics are related to basic phenomena or disciplinary,small research topics may lead to a series of problems,which further led to great progress and even revolutionary breakthrough. Secondly,to find good research topics need deep insight,and deep sight is inseparable from theoretical accumulation and practice. Theoretical accumulation implies deep theoretical foundation and liberal theoretical vision. Calculation and reduction is essential practice to theoretical discipline.