光身型粳稻嘉58籽粒灌浆特性分析

Grain filling characteristics of glabrous japonica rice Jia 58

以光身型粳稻嘉58、毛叶型粳稻嘉33和秀水134为材料,采用Richards模型对不同穗位籽粒灌浆过程进行拟合,分析了3个品种不同穗位籽粒的灌浆特性。结果表明,光身型粳稻与毛叶型粳稻相同穗位的籽粒起始灌浆势(R0)、最大灌浆速率(Gmax)及平均灌浆速率(Gmean)存在显著差异,嘉58的最大灌浆速率持续时间tmaxG及活跃期D较嘉33和秀水134短,而且强、中、弱势粒灌浆速率均较嘉33和秀水134快。在灌浆中前期,嘉58不同穗位籽粒灌浆特征参数差异较小,灌浆过程表现出明显的同步性;而嘉33和秀水134不同穗位籽粒灌浆特征参数差异较大,灌浆过程表现明显的异步性。试验结果初步解释了光身型粳稻嘉58较毛叶型粳稻嘉33和秀水134籽粒成熟快、充实度好、结实率高的生理机制。

Three japonica rice varieties, including glabrous japonica rice Jia 58, hairy-leaved japonica rice Jia 33 and Xiushui 134, were used in this paper to analyze the filling characteristics of differently-positioned grains within a pan- icle by fitting Richards growth equation. It was found that the initial grain filling rate （R0 ）, max grain filling rate （ Gmax ） and mean grain filling rate （ Gmean） of the same-positioned grains had shown significant differences between glabrous and hairy-leaved japonica rice, and the days holding the max filling rate （tmax G） and active period （D） of Jia 58 got shorter than those of hairy-leaved japonica rice Jia 33 and Xiushui 134. Meanwhile, the grain filling rate of superior grains, medium grains and inferior grains from Jia 58 were higher than those from Jia 33 and Xiushui 134. In addition, there was no significant difference in the parameters of grain-filling characteristics among superior, medi- um and inferior grains from Jia 58 during early filling stage, but that from Jia 33 and Xiushui 134 showed significant differences. The results could be used to explain the physiological mechanism of that Jia 58 represented faster maturi- ty, better plumpness and higher seed setting rate than Jia 33 as well as Xiushui 134.