淤积与浚疏:清朝时期福州西湖的治理史

Deposition and Dredging:the History of Fuzhou West Governance in Qing Dynasty

福州西湖自西晋严高引西北诸山之水注入而成,至今已有一千七百多年的历史。湖泊面积从原来的浩无际涯到后来遭到淤积填埋,甚至尽为民田。宋明两朝,政府都对福州西湖进行过较大规模的浚疏治理工作。有清一代,对西湖的浚疏工作就更为频繁,几乎四五十年便浚疏一次。通过对地方志和时人笔记的解读,可以还原清朝浚疏福州西湖的治理史,进而分析清朝时期福州西湖屡兴屡废的原因。

Fuzhou West Lake has had a long history of over 1700 years,since Yan Gao,a governor in Xijin who introduced waters from the northwest moutains into it.The lake area was becoming smaller and smaller because of soil deposition,landfill and its utilization as farmland.Both governments of Song and Ming Dynasty made efforts to dredge the lake.The dredging of the lake was carried out much more frequently in the Qing Dynasty,almost forty or fifty years once.It is possible to restore the dredging history of Qing Dynasty by reading the chorography and notes taken by local peple,and therefore to analyse the reasons for the lake’s repeated building and discard in Qing Dynasty.