潜流人工湿地水动力学研究方法进展

Research Progress in Method of Hydraulics of Constructed Wetlands

人工湿地污染物去除的物理、化学和生物学机制是随水流在多孔介质中的迁移过程中发生的,水动力过程决定了废水(包括其中的污染物)和介质表面的接触程度及反应时间,并由此影响到水质净化效果。人工湿地水动力学的研究对于其优化设计、运行管理具有重要意义。综述了目前人工湿地水动力学研究的相关方法,包括:盐分示踪获得停留时间分布(residence time distribution,RTD)曲线的方法、染料示踪获得水流运移图像的方法,由RTD曲线进行水力效率评价的方法,以及水动力过程模拟的数学方法等。并对人工湿地水动力学的研究及其应用前景进行了展望。

The physical, chemical and biological mechanisms of pollutants removal in constructed wetlands have major implications for wastewater migration in porous media, thus hydraulic process determines the degree and reaction time of wastewater including pollutants when contacting the media surface, therefore will influence the effect of wastewater purification. The research of hydraulic process is of a major significance on the design, operation and management of constructed wetlands; accordingly, relevant methods of constructed wetlands hydraulic study currently developed were reviewed in this paper, which include the application of salt tracers to obtain the residence time distribution （RTD） curves; dye tracers to obtain water image, hydraulic efficiency evaluation carried out by RTD curves; and the simulation of the hydrodynamic process by mathematical methods. Finally, the prospects of studies and applications in this area were discussed.