邯郸市PM_(2.5)中含碳组分的特征及来源分析

Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Carbonaceous Species in PM_(2.5) of Handan City

自2012年10月13日-2014年9月11日在邯郸市采集PM2.5样品,并对气态污染物以及颗粒污染物（PM10和PM2.5）进行在线监测,将其中100个样品进行8种碳组分分析,初步探讨含碳气溶胶的特征及来源。结果发现：采样期间PM10和PM2.5的平均浓度分别274.4μg/m3和154.7μg/m3,超标率大于80%,其中2013年1月份PM10和PM2.5的最大值更分别达到924.6μg/m3和658.2μg/m3。OC/PM2.5和EC/PM2.5的比例分别为16.7%和7.0%,采暖时间段的OC及EC的污染程度相较于非采暖时间段更为严重。OC和EC的平均增长率分别为2.67和1.33,污染累积和二次转化贡献率分别占49.8%和50.2%;SOC/OC在49.3%~57.7%之间,SOC/PM2.5在7.9%~11.6%之间,二次有机物污染较为严重。因子分析表明,冬季PM2.5碳组分主要来自于燃煤和柴油车尾气排放,生物质燃烧和汽油车尾气,分别解释了PM2.5中碳组分的39.3%、28.4%以及16.3%。

To investigate the characteristics and apportionment of sources of carbonaceous aerosol in PM2.5 of Handan, the sampling was done on the daily basis from October 2012 to nowadays, followed by online analysis and among the others, 100 samples were analyzed for OC（organic carbon） and EC（element carbon） components using thermal/optical reflectance（TOR）. The investigation showed that the OC and EC levels at Handan City were higher than those in most other cities in China; the average concentrations of PM,0 and PM2.5. were 274.4 μg/m3 and 154.7 μg/m3, the highest values being up to 924.6 μg/m3 and 658.2 μg/m3 during January of 2013. The results of analysis indicated that ratios of OC/PM2.5 and EC/PM2.5 were 47.8% and 46%, respectively; the pollutant accumulation process and secondary formation seemed even more important, accounting for 49.8% and 50.2%, respectively, in terms of the pollution contribution. In addition, factor analysis on the eight carbon fraction revealed that in winter, 39.3% of carbonaceous species in PM2.5 was attributed to coal combustion and diesel exhaust, 28.4% to biomass burning and 16.3% to gasoline engine exhaust.